Panels description

P1. History of Latin America:
P1.1. Popular Unity and the Coup d'état in Chile (1970 – 1973). Reflections on its historicity at 50 years

There is not little that has been written about Popular Unity and the government of Salvador Allende. After the 1973 coup d'état, the need to analyze the defeat of said project, the so-called “Chilean road to socialism”, in effect, prompted its early study from History and Social Sciences. In this way, the apologetic literature and political balance sheets were replaced by disciplinary analyzes of the Chilean socialist process, taking into account its various dimensions.

Despite the temporal and even geographical distance, today the Popular Unity, as an actor and as a period, continues to motivate researchers from all over the world. Thus, its study in historiography has managed to constitute a whole field that, in recent years, has opened up to new approaches, for example, concerned with gender, consumption and the transnational.

Although there are still fields to be covered and questions to be resolved, the commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Coup d'Etat in Chile is an opportunity to rethink the historical situation of the Popular Unity and its government. It is for this reason that the objective of this table is to promote the meeting of historians and historians to problematize the macro and micro understanding that we have of the Allende triennium and the 1973 coup. In particular, the presentation of papers that are proposed question the exceptional nature of this experience (whether to refute or confirm it), from a perspective that crosses the local, regional and global. In this sense, it is called to answer questions such as: What long-term trends are identified in the political conflict of the triennium of Popular Unity? What place do both the Allende government and the coup d'état occupy in the history of the different social groups in Chile and the region?

What aspects of the political process of 1970 - 1973 have been obscured or little treated, and whose study enables a long-range view of its origin and development? What are the little-analyzed causes and consequences of the Popular Unity period?

Chairs: Manuel Loyola Tapia, Finis Terrae University (Chile); Ximena U. Odekerken, National University of San Martín (Argentina); Luis Thielemann Hernández, Finis Terrae University (Chile)

P1.2. The Comintern in Latin America: historical traditions and political processes

The purpose of the panel is to consider the influence of the Comintern on the formation and development of the left movement in Latin America. The panel will present papers on various cases of the Latin American left. Particular attention will be paid to the current state of the left forces in the region, the modern legacy of the Comintern, the new left turn and the actual problems of the Latin American left movement.

Chair: Dr. Victor L. Jeifets, St. Petersburg State University.

P1.3. The Ibero-American Mosaic: pages of the region's history

The panel is devoted to various subjects of the history of Latin America, Spain and Portugal. The papers of the panel will be devoted to some events in the history of modern times, historical figures, the colonial period in the history of Latin America.

P1.4. Between Brazil and the Soviet Union: Caio Prado Júnior, the Brazilian communists and the idea of revolution

Chair: Luiz Bernardo Pericas (University of Sao Paulo)

P1.5. Cuban revolutions in the 20th century

This year marks the 90th anniversary of the 1933 Revolution in Cuba and the 70th anniversary of the assaults on the Moncada Barracks in Santiago de Cuba and Céspedes de Bayamo on July 26, 1953. Both events played a transcendental role in the evolution of the political, economic and social life of the Cuban people, and contributed to the awareness and realization of the total independence of the country and to important advances in the achievement of social justice from the triumph January 1959. Our panel intends to delve into both historical events, as well as issues that allow us to understand the contexts in which they occurred. To this end, we propose the presentation of four papers that will address, succinctly, but accurately, the processes to which we have referred and that even today, in the 21st century, have particular importance for our country and even for rebellious movements on the continent. Latin American.

Chair: Dr. Caridad Massón Sena (Juan Marinello Cuban Institute for Cultural Research)

P1.6. The Latin American left in the 20th century. Practices, discourses and methods of struggle

Moderators: Dr. Irving Reynoso Jaime (Autonomous University of the State of Morelos); Mtro. Uriel Velázquez Vidal (Michoacan University of San Nicolás Hidalgo).

P1.7. The role of identity in times of transformation in Latin America

Latin America is a very specific region in terms of ethno-cultural composition, which consisted of several components, the main of which are traditions: the native population, the newcomer European, the newcomer African. It was these groups that were at the heart of the formation of new nations, special cultural and religious complexes, which led to the emergence of a fundamentally new identity, which often does not coincide with the state borders of Latin American countries. At the same time, the carriers of one or another identity are often integrated into other ethno-cultural communities that do not accept them. Of particular interest in this issue is the definition of the formal parameters of identity: not only ethnicity, language or religion, but also a common historical past, in which the interaction of distinguished groups in this “common” past often causes the most heated discussions. The lack of clear identity parameters for different population groups has led and continues to lead to a lack of interaction in solving nationwide political or social problems in individual countries, which is especially dangerous during periods of social upheaval and change of eras.

Moderator: G. G. Ershova, Director of the Mesoamerican Center. Y. Knorozov Russian State University for Humanities.

P2. Political processes and institutions in Latin America:
P2.1. Communication policies and public policies

The failure of neoliberal governments in Latin America has allowed the emergence of an alternative to neoliberal hegemony. The political map of Latin America has changed. From Patagonia to the Bravo River, a series of progressive, transformative and leftist governments govern the population with social and public policy proposals that attempt to counteract the effects of neoliberalism. These democratic governments require a political communication program and communication programs for development and social change to sensitize the population, and to adjust government agendas to the design of government plans with social approaches. This roundtable seeks to recover the experiences of political communication and public policies in the new geopolitical map of Latin America as a sovereign region in the global world.

Chairs: Mario Martell Contreras, Celina Peña Guzmán y Javier Sánchez Galicia (Mexico)

P2.2. Democracies in crisis – Political and social balance - Latin America today

Latin America, since the 19th century, has lived in a constant state of political turmoil and instability of its institutions. The weakness of its structures reflects the power of the political and cultural permanences of centuries of Iberian colonization. Despite independence, Latin American societies were unable to break away from the dominant European and then North American structures, due to the peripheral condition of international capitalism.

This fragility led to the rise of authoritarian governments. Political arbitrariness and socioeconomic oppression have promoted and continue to promote crises that prevent the development and implementation of social policies. Political crises, supported by authoritarian structures, prevent the implementation of social projects, of better income distribution that allow social stability and guarantee everyone's access to justice and human rights.

The organizers of the Democracies in Crisis Panel – Current Political and Social Magazine of Latin America invite you to debates, face-to-face or online, which will greatly contribute to a greater understanding of current Latin American politics.

Chairs: Prof. Dr. Alexis T. Dantas – University of the State of Rio de Janeiro UERJ/FCE/PPGRI/NUCLEAS; Prof. Maria Teresa Toribio B.Lemos - University of the State of Rio de Janeiro- UERJ/PPGH/NUCLEAS; Prof. Dr. Dejan Mihailovic – TEC/Monterrey /ME

P2.3. Transformation of the State in Latin America: Sustainability Issues and Contemporary Challenges

In the 21st century, the state as an institution is in the process of modernization. Over the three decades of democratic development in Latin America, a significant part of the states of the region have demonstrated a relatively high stability of political systems based on the balance of the main branches of power. The complication of requirements for the state as a regulator not only of political and economic spaces, but also as a conductor of social protection, raises the question of the gradual adaptation of state institutions to the new requirements of society. An important task is to determine the framework for the functioning of the main branches of government and traditional institutions, as well as to study the interaction of the state with the increasingly complex “fabric” of society, expressed in the activity of civil society, the demands of decolonization, the fight against discrimination, the expansion of diversity and the agenda of human rights.

Chair: N. Yu. Kudeyarova, Ph.D. in History, Head of the Center for Political Studies, ILA RAS.

P2.4. The welfare state and civil society in Latin America

At the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century, the countries of Latin America faced new challenges: including ongoing protests, both political and socio-economic. Many Latin American countries have been among the hardest hit by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has exacerbated the region's social problems, the foremost of which remains high levels of social inequality. Public dissatisfaction with economic policy raises the question of the need for governments to involve the public in determining priorities for economic and social development.

Today in Latin America there are women's movements, movements of indigenous peoples, student movements, environmental movements that articulate the interests of the general population, and are increasingly participating in electoral processes. In the context of intense political competition for votes, right-wing parties are forced to take into account the growing demand of the electorate for an active social policy, which traditionally constitutes a key issue on the agenda of the left. Social themes are becoming more and more acute in the program documents of political parties. Disagreements over economic and social issues are exacerbating the acute political polarization that has affected many countries in the region.

What are the optimal models of the welfare state for Latin American countries, what trajectories of social development can be considered optimal? What economic and political factors influence the social stability of Latin American countries? What is the specificity of the current stage of civil society development in the region? The reports of the section "Welfare state and civil society in Latin America" are devoted to the search for answers to these questions.

Chair: Lyudmila Alexandrovna Gainutdinova, Doctor of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Political Science, Russian State Pedagogical University. A.I. Herzen.

P2.5. Balance and future of progressive governments in Latin America

In this panel we want to highlight whether progressivism has been an option to neoliberal status in the region and what would be the current balance in countries like Mexico, Chile, Bolivia, Colombia, Argentina and Brazil facing the extremes of Cuba, Venezuela and Nicaragua and the failure of the same in Perú, Ecuador and Uruguay. One of the mainstreams to discuss in this panel is the recent book of Professor Jean-Jacques Kourliandsky, Progressisme et démocratie en Amérique latine, 2000-2021, Paris, éditions de l’aube, Fondation Jean Jaurès, 2022.

Chair: Dr. Humberto Morales Moreno. ICGDE/BUAP/ObservatorioBuenGobierno

P2.6. Political and sociocultural development of Latin America: general vectors and regional features

The section involves analysis and discussion on issues affecting the basic trends in the political and socio-cultural development of Latin American countries. The focus will be on both the problems of the political pendulum that contributes to the emergence of left and right “turns”, the psychology of power (where such charismatic leaders as Hugo Chavez and Inacio Lula da Silva are important, but not the only examples), social development issues (poverty and interethnic disputes and conflicts) as well as competing strands of inter-American and intra-Latin American integration. At the same time, the comprehension of the series of events in Latin American countries is carried out in two dimensions - within the framework of the paradigms of global development and through the prism of the regional specifics of Iberoamerica. Finally, the section involves an analysis of the cultural development of Latin American countries (languages, religions and arts) in the context of globalization and in the context of the influence of Pan-Americanism.

Chair: Liliya Ernstovna Ilikova, PhD, Kazan Federal University

P2.7. Political and Institutional Challenges in the Context of Autocratization in Latin America

During and after the COVID 19 pandemic, it seemed that Latin America was taking a new turn to the left as a continuation of the "pink wave" of the first decades of the 20th century; However, the most relevant thing has been the loss of validity of the democratic institutional rules and the generalization of a personalized and populist policy in all ideological currents and political parties, which has led to a general deterioration of the democratic quality in the
region and a further increase in political and citizen violence, which affects the social fabric of a population that is just emerging from the health impact of the pandemic.

Moderator: Dr. Jesús Tovar Mendoza, President of the Mexican Association of Political Sciences (AMECIP).

P3. Economic trends in Latin American countries:
P3.1. Problems of the modernization of the Latin American economy in the context of global technological changes

Since the middle of the second decade of this century, two global trends in technological development have most clearly manifested themselves - digital and environmental transition. Latin Caribbean America (LCA) is today a typical information and communication technology (ICT) catch-up region. In many areas of introduction of new technological and organizational innovations, there is an obvious “phase delay” from developed countries. The countries of the region lag behind the most with the introduction of digital technologies in the production process, which slows down the increase in labor productivity and negatively affects the competitiveness of economies. In addition, there are cross-country differences in terms of access to digital technologies, which reinforces socio-economic differentiation within the LCA. A serious brake on the digitalization of companies, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, remains limited access to finance, a low level of computer literacy, and the presence of a vast informal sector.

Currently, an active process is underway in the LCA countries to deepen the digitalization policy and make appropriate adjustments to national strategies in order to reduce technological gap and make the most of the high demand of the population and the economy for digital services and technologies to carry out a “new digital revolution” covering economic, environmental and social aspects. Actively develops international cooperation in this area at the regional level, a large-scale and unprecedented in the world experience ECLAC project is being implemented to promote the digitalization of the entire Latin American region - Electronic Latin America (eLAC).

The section focuses on the following major aspects of the technological development of the LCA countries: modernization of the production sector and transport; green transition and smart cities; "smart" agriculture; the impact of ICT on the labor market and education; cryptocurrencies, fintech and e-commerce; problems of digital sovereignty and cyber security; monopolization of the global information technology industry and digital expansion of China; prospects for the development of scientific and technical ties between the Russian Federation and the LCA countries and the possibility of Russian IT companies entering the Latin American market.

Chair: Lyudmila Nikolaevna Simonova, PhD in Economics, Head of the Center for Economic Research, ILA RAS.

P3.2. Export to Latin American countries: Russian and international strategies

The section will discuss the export potential and the specifics of the implementation of export strategies of Russian and international companies in the countries of Iberoamerica. The problems and prospects of companies entering Iberoamerican region in the new reality will be considered.

Chair: Elizaveta Vasilievna Davydenko, PhD in Economics, Associate Professor, Department of International Entrepreneurship, SUAI

P3.3. Latin America and the BRICS countries: new drivers of economic cooperation

The BRICS Group, which unites five leading states of their regions (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa), plays an important and growing role in global politics and the world economy. Their cooperation and coordination of efforts in the field of global regulation constitute crucial part of the framework connecting the regional poles within the multipolar world. One of the tasks of this section is to assess the changing role of BRICS in the global governance system (O.Y. Trofimenko's report). Five reports are devoted to the study of the directions and intensity of economic cooperation between Latin American states and the BRICS countries. Two reports (by E.K. Andrianova and D.V. Prikhodko) are devoted to Russia's interaction with the countries of the region, other reports are devoted to the relations of the Latin American countries with China (L.V. Popova), India (M.A. Gubina) and with their neighbor in the region – Brazil (V.G. Sherov–Ignatev). The accents are made on trade, investment, and cooperation in the field of digital economy.

The main part of the reports will be presented by the researchers from the Department of World Economy of the Faculty of Economics of St. Petersburg State University. Experts from Moscow and representatives of some BRICS countries are expected to participate (the list of participants is being clarified).

The Dean of the Faculty of Economics of RUDN, Co-head of the working group of the russian federation on the development of innovative entrepreneurship and scientific and technical cooperation of the BRICS Countries, Professor Y.N. Moseikin, and professor S.F. Sutyrin from the Department of world economy of St. Petersburg state university, were invited as moderators.

P3.4. Russia and China and their economic relations with Latin America

The relationship that Russia and China have had with Latin America in the post-Soviet era will be addressed, in the case of Russia and, in the case of China, in the era of the politics of the called four modernizations, that is, post-Maoist.
Some general studies of the irruption of Russia and China in Latin America and some case studies will be analyzed, such as the job insecurity that occurs in foreign investment from China and issues related to oil and the energy matrix that is very important in the cases of Russia and Mexico.
Russia, and mainly, China, for some years, have begun to be interested in the development of trade and investment with the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, but these are trade relations of a new type. This panel is intended to account for the changes and continuities that have occurred in the trade of Russia and China with Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Previously, these countries prioritized political elements in their trade relations with Latin America, but today that is not the case.

Chairs: Jorge López Arévalo (UNACH, México); Carlos Raúl Etulain (Unicamp, Brasil); Francisco García Fernández (UAT, México).

P3.5. Latin American countries and their energy nuances in the current political and economic conditions of development

The reality of the globalized and turbulent world that Latin American countries are currently experiencing, under diversified forms, presents in its most common traits the overexploitation of natural and energy resources as a consequence of the command of financial capital and extractivism. Despite the efforts of the 20th century to structure economies on more integrated bases that stimulate the potential for autonomous growth, neoliberal policies created and reproduced this context in favor of financial profit and rentier profits, causing the worst environmental impacts. In this scenario, an important challenge is to critically analyze the use and exploitation of energy resources and the possibilities of reconversion of the contemporary conditions of economic and social development. This round table seeks to address Latin American countries and their development prospects based on the restrictions imposed by the exploitation of natural resources and by the conditions of their energy matrices.

This table has Latin American countries as historical references, addressing speakers of case studies in the region, comparative studies and free essays on development and energy conditions, from different orientations and points of view, integrating a table with interdisciplinarity of studies and diversity of thought.

Chairs: Professor Dr. Carlos Raul Etulain, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil; Professor Dr. Francisco García Fernández, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas (UAT), Mexico.

P4. Culture of Latin American countries: pages of history and modernity:
P4.1. Problems of intercultural communication in Latin America and Russia in the XVIII-XXI centuries. In memory of Alla Leonidovna Zenkovich.

The study of the problems of cultural, racial, ethnic, religious and educational interaction within large cultures is especially relevant in the 21st century in the era of the collapse of the globalization paradigm of the world. Intercultural communication of Ibero-America, Russia has a rich historical past. The diversity of cultural, racial, social and educational characteristics in the countries of Ibero-America and Russia largely influenced the policy of preserving cultural traditions and the popularization of national ideas, both in external and internal strategic communication of these states, as well as the creation of regional and interregional integrations. At the same time, the globalization processes of the 21st century have made their own adjustments to regional civilizational models, which has been reflected in various kinds of conflicts and information wars. At present, thanks to the development of new information communication channels, such as social networks, as well as public diplomacy, branding of culture and art, the popularization of national cultural traditions and the educational environment has become an integral part of the intercultural diplomacy of these countries.

Chairs: Ekaterina Alekseevna Vinogradova, Ph.D., independent researcher; Polunina Olga Sergeevna, Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Advertising, Marketing and Public Relations of the FKM RSSU.

P4.2. Fine arts and culture of Spain and Latin America from the 16th-20th centuries.

The section is devoted to fine arts and the general cultural situation in Spain and Latin America in the 16th-20th centuries. A number of presentations will be devoted to Spanish art, which undoubtedly strongly influenced the development of Latin American art: a pictorial portrait, engraving, religious wooden sculpture of the 16th-18th centuries, a number of Latin American art, both of the “old time” and modern, of the 20th century. The influence of Iberian culture on other cultural national schools will be raised.

Chair: Anna Valentinovna Morozova, Doctor of Cultural Studies, Associate Professor, St. Petersburg State University.

P4.3. Cultural and humanitarian cooperation between Russia and the countries of Latin America in the era of the formation of a new world order: opportunities and challenges

Today we are witnessing the exacerbation of the deep inter-civilizational crisis of the beginning of the 21st century, which evolved taking into account the emergence of new realities and which also affected international cultural ties. The section will examine the features of Russia's cultural ties with the countries of Iberoamerica and discuss their problems and prospects in the new reality. The participants of the section plan to pay special attention to the problem of the “cancellation” of Russian culture in the countries of Ibero-America.

Chairs: Yulia Vadimovna Nikolaeva, Ph.D. Associate Professor, St. Petersburg State University; Bogolyubova Natalya Mikhailovna, Ph.D. Associate Professor, St. Petersburg State University

P4.4. Russia and Iberoamerica: the mutual influence of cultures in the past and present

The work of the section will be devoted to an important and inexhaustible problem of cultural studies - the mutual influence and interaction of cultures, which will be considered on the example of Russia and the countries of the Iberoamerican cultural area. To comprehend the current situation in this area, it is necessary to consider it not only at the synchronous, but also at the diachronic level, since any culture is, first of all, traditions as an integral background for its further development. Both Russia, and the Iberian states, and Latin America have the richest cultures, which for centuries have been conducting a kind of dialogue with each other, during which they learn and enrich each other, including due to the fact that it has historically developed that the bearers of the cultures in question experience sincere interest and respect for each other. And the process of this dialogue is practically endless due to the extreme diversity of cultural processes and artifacts that together constitute the phenomenon of culture in its broadest sense.

Chair: Natalia Sergeevna Konstantinova, PhD in History, Head of the Center for Cultural Research at the Institute of Latin America of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

P4.5. Russia and Latin American countries in the global educational process. How to study international higher education today?

Working and not working concepts in higher education research: globalization and internationalization; soft power and public diplomacy; educational diplomacy, sustainable development concept. Within the framework of the section, we will talk about the level of international studies of global higher education, we will try to find out what are the reasons for the dominance of certain theoretical approaches. And in conclusion, let's try to answer the question: how to apply theoretical knowledge to develop practical recommendations?

Chair: Tamara Sergeevna Nemchinova, Ph.D. polit. Sciences, Associate Professor, St. Petersburg State University

P5. Anthropology of Latin American countries
P5.1. Africa and the African heritage of Latin America

Without very diverse African heritage, it is impossible to speak of the modern image of the population of Latin America. In several countries, the groups of African descent have been given an official status. The section is expected to discuss African influences on the formation of Latin American ethnic communities, languages, and cultures, as well as the issues of creolization. Special attention will be paid to Brazil, Nicaragua, the countries of historical Guiana, as well as the island states and territories of the Caribbean.
Chairs: V.A. Popov, N.A. Dobronravin (Saint Petersburg State University)

P6. Languages of the Latin American countries: problems of linguistics and philology:
P6.1. The languages, culture and literature of Iberoamerica

In the thematic section, it is intended to reflect on the current problems of the functioning of the Spanish and Portuguese languages in the countries of Latin America, linguistic variability, history of the formation of the national variants of the Spanish and Portuguese language in the countries of Latin America, particularities of Spanish and Portuguese in the national variants of Latin American countries. The important aspect of Ibero-American studies is the analysis of the national-cultural specificity of the lexicon and phraseology of the national variants, cultural codes and intercultural communication. The mass media play a very prominent role in today's globalized world, which is why the study of the linguistic particularities of political discourse and the linguistic means of manipulating social consciousness in the mass media of Ibero-American countries also It is part of the theme of the section. The section intends to reflect on the problems of the literature of the Ibero-American countries, literary genres, individual stylistics of an author and the issues of literary translation.

Chair: Dr. Natalia Grigorievna Med, professor at Saint Petersburg State University.

P6.2. University educational challenges in language teaching (Spanish ELE as a foreign language and Portuguese PLE as a foreign language) within the framework of Ibero-American studies.

The contemporary world is facing constant changes in the political sphere, as well as in social and economic areas. This demands the need to introduce new parameters of educational method in the practical processes of education. The presence of Ibero-American countries in the world is growing and that motivates the increase in university studies focused on knowing and presenting these countries. Future internationalists, economists, linguists (and many other university careers) are among the group of young people who are learning Spanish or Portuguese as an option to obtain further advantages and benefits in the labor market. Therefore, the research studies of the Ibero-American world require the broad teaching of the language with new goals and challenges in the educational processes oriented towards a specific market. Our panel aims to share practical ideas on the training of new specialists. However, we cannot lose sight of the fact that we teach students from different fields who will specialize in Ibero-American studies. Language teachers who want to share their research or practice experiences oriented towards Ibero-American countries may propose their topics. At the same time, we would be interested in bringing into the discussion Russian language teachers working with Spanish-speaking students, in order to compare common features and different characteristics within the educational process.

Chairs: Lic. Areli Robles Herrera, senior lecturer at the SUAI University; Elizaveta Kutsubina, senior lecturer at the UNECON University; Dr. Maria Nepomnyaschaya, senior lecturer at the UNECON University

P7. The countries of Ibero-America facing the challenges of the information society:
P7.1. Malicious use of artificial intelligence and challenges to the psychological and information security of the BRICS

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, for all their high importance for social development, raise threats to national and international psychological security to a new level. The use of AI to destabilize the economy, the political situation and international relations through targeted high-tech information and psychological impact on the consciousness of citizens is a growing danger. Economic difficulties, social contradictions, political conflicts, and the tense international situation create an objective basis for the malicious use of AI in the BRICS countries. Among such threats: malicious use of deep fakes and chatbots, manipulation with agenda setting using bots, ranking and deranking, the use of emotional AI for antisocial purposes, high-tech psychological operations, phishing, etc. National regulation of the AI sphere and countering malicious use in the BRICS countries are at an initial stage. International cooperation and exchange of experience are all the more important for each BRICS member state. So far, the cooperation in the field of AI in BRICS is mainly based on bilateral agreements between the members of the association, but the organization declares the intention to jointly counteract the malicious use of ICT. The potential of such cooperation within the framework of BRICS is still very far from being fully realized. The work of the section is aimed both at clarifying the current and future threats to psychological security through MUAI, and measures to counter these threats.

Chair: Dr. Evgeniy Nikolaevich Pashentsev, Professor, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia.

P7.2. Digital transformation in Latin America: society, politics, economics

Chair: Kirill Alekseevich Neverov, Ph, senior lecturer, St Petersburg University.

P8. Latin American countries in the modern system of international relations
P8.1. BRICS countries after 2022

Within the framework of this section, it is proposed to discuss the changes that have taken place in the BRICS countries in 2022: the return to power in Brazil by L.I. Lula da Silva, the re-election of Xi Jinping for a third term, the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and its impact on the world economy and politics. Also in the thematic field of the section lies the discussion of plans for settlements in national currencies between the BRICS countries.

Moderators: Alina Vyacheslavovna Shcherbakova, Ph.D., Associate Professor, National Research University Higher School of Economics; Bruno de Conti, University of Campinas.

P8.2. Disputes and global turbulences in the Mediterranean: American, Nostrum and Balticum 200 years after the Monroe Doctrine

In this panel, we propose to discuss and analyze through a long-standing historical perspective data, the global and turbulent disputes of the Mediterranean: American, nostrum and balticum. The power of the sea has defined the control and hegemony of empires for all ages. historical transitions that have occurred in humanity. military, commercial, migrations of people, association with historical trade routes. Among them the maritime routes. From Braudel's longstanding perspective and the historical disputes in the Mediterranean we can analyze the course that the historic and turbulent global transition will take in the coming decades. Therefore, we have set ourselves the objective of studying the economic, geostrategic pragmatism, international relations and cooperation in the block of the unipolar world and the multipolar block, the infrastructures, the policies migration and its impacts for Latin America and the Caribbean. All these topics have formed part and are the basis for building meetings or disagreements for control of the American Mediterranean given its strategic position for the global world. disputes or alliances would be related to those that exist in the rest of the Latin American continent. The strategies from the Monroe doctrine (1823) with which it has been carried out historically in the American Mediterranean, and its relationship with what was applied in the Mare Nostrum and Mare Balticum. Therefore, we intend to approach the problem from a construction of the critical thinking where global, regional and local conflicts are exposed generated in times of turbulent global transition around the 200 years of the Monroe Doctrine. What could define the control of the most important region for the commercial exchange of the global world and the consolidation of the unipolar world or the rise and permanence of the multipolar world of various centers as proposed by Primakov (1996).

Chairs: Óscar Alfredo Barboza Lizano, National University of Costa Rica; Alexis Toribio Dantas, University of Rio de Janeiro; María Teresa Toribio Lemos (University of Rio de Janeiro)

P8.3. 200 years later: a new reading of the Monroe Doctrine

On December 2, 1823, US President John Monroe, in a message to Congress, proclaimed the principles of US foreign policy - America for Americans. Although the declaration of the American continent as a zone closed to the intervention of European powers was a reaction to the turbulence of European politics, this thesis for many years predetermined the nature of interaction between the United States and Latin American countries. The doctrine, declared during the final stages of the war of independence in Spanish America, clearly marked the division of spheres of influence between the New and Old Worlds. As a result, the efforts of European powers to influence sovereign states in the region began to be seen as a threat to US security. Claimed as the idea of pan-American unity, the doctrine became a tool for building the first security belt, which contributed to the subsequent expansion of US hegemony. In the XX century. the Monroe Doctrine was supplemented by various instruments of influence, which allowed the United States to expand regional influence to a global level. The section will discuss the current state of the inter-American system, the role of the United States in Pan-American politics, and new challenges associated with the policy of hegemonism in the Latin American region.

Moderator: Boris Fedorovich Martynov, Doctor of History Sciences, Professor at Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia.

P8.4. Round table. Artificial intelligence technologies in the international relations system: on the example of Latin America, China and Russia.

In the first quarter of the 21st century this period has been marked an accelerated transition from a post-industrial to a network society.  This digital transformation of public life today is of particular relevance due to the accelerated transition of the world economy to digital platforms. The information revolution has helped developing countries, such as China and India, become key players in the digital and information and communication services market, receiving huge dividends and elegantly building a digital economy. Expansion of cooperation between Latin American countries with Russia and China in the period 2022-2023 also opens up new conditions and possibilities for creating modernized information platforms using artificial intelligence technologies. Countries face urgent problems of scientific, technological and cross-cultural communication aimed at the mechanisms of interaction of target audiences through social networks.  One of the trends of modern digital communication is the creation of metauniverses that will contribute to the expansion of active foreign policy dialogues between these countries.

Chairs: Ekaterina A. Vinogradova, PhD, Independent researcher; Greg Simons, PhD, Associate Professor.

P8.5. Round table "Russia, Latin America and BRICS in the modern world"

P8.6  Round table "BRICS and the Global South: between expectations and cooperation"

The BRICS are in a process of expanding both their own membership of the multilateral forum and the expansion of participation in the New Development Bank, the bank of the BRICS. The objective of this round table is to reflect on the interaction between the BRICS forum and the Global South, in addition to evaluating the impact on the reconfiguration of the current world order. In particular, it seeks to analyze the role of the BRICS as a platform for the political and economic coordination of the countries of the Global South, as well as the perspectives of South-South cooperation in the field of economy, politics and the transformation of the multilateral forums. The round table aims to create a space for dialogue and critical discussion, where different points of view are shared and alternative proposals for the future of the Global South are built.

Chairs: Andrés Serbin (CRIES); Ariel González Levaggi (UCA)

P8.7. Latin America in the Eurasian Dimension: Problems and Development Prospects

Moderator: Alexander Antonovich Kolesnikov, Ph.D., Center for Eurasian Studies, St. Petersburg State University.

P8.8. Spain and Portugal in the context of a changing world order

Particular attention will be paid to the analysis of domestic policy, social problems, economic issues and foreign policy activities of Spain and Portugal, the imperatives of rapprochement of the Iberian states, the transatlantic vector of economic and political partnership, the relations of the Iberian countries with Latin America, the place and role of the Iberian countries in the European Union and their participation in integration processes, as well as bilateral relations.

Moderator: Violetta Makariosovna Tayar, PhD in Economics, Head of the Center for Iberian Studies, ILA RAS.

P8.9. Round table "BRICS countries and international organizations"

All BRICS countries have extensive experience of participation in the activities of international organizations. The round table is expected to discuss the results and prospects of interaction between each of the BRICS countries and various international organizations. A special place will be given to cooperation with the UN, which was created with the participation of all BRICS countries, primarily in the areas related to peacekeeping and peacebuilding.
Moderators: Dr. Rajeev Yadav (India), Dr. Nikolay A. Dobronravin, professor, St Petersburg University.

P8.10. Round table "Latin America and Canada" (organized by the Center for Canadian Studies, St. Petersburg State University)

The main attention is expected to be given to such topics as: relations with the countries of South and Central America in Canada's foreign policy; the Cuban issue in Canadian foreign policy: past and present; paradiplomacy of the Canadian provinces and subjects of the federal states of Latin America; discussions on the prospects for expansion of NAFTA and USMCA at the expense of Latin American countries; "Northern Gringos": Perceptions of Canada and Canadians in South and Central America.

Moderator: Dr. Yuri Germanovich Akimov, professor at St. Petersburg State University, head of the Center for Canadian Studies at St. Petersburg State University.

P8.11. Traditional foreign policy and digital diplomacy in relations between the US, China and Latin America

The relationship between the United States, China, and Latin American countries plays a significant role in the international relations system, which has undergone profound transformations. In the Western Hemisphere, a confrontation for digital leadership between great powers has emerged, and traditional forms of relations have evolved to become key elements of a new multipolar system of international relations.

Traditional foreign policy approaches coexist with new challenges arising in cyberspace. Latin American countries have taken a leading position in the use of digital technologies in their foreign policy, incorporating both Chinese and American approaches. The United States seeks to maintain its leadership in the Western Hemisphere by encouraging Latin American countries to adopt American digital products and social networks. Meanwhile, Beijing exports its technologies and political culture, creating a complex set of contradictions.

This panel invites papers that explore traditional forms of interaction between these countries as well as research on how diplomacy is changing under the influence of new technologies. Special attention will be given to issues of history and contemporary foreign policy, public diplomacy, information security, and the role of Latin American countries in establishing new digital alliances for global Internet governance at the UN. The use of sharp power in digital diplomacy by the United States, China, and other actors will also be examined.

Chair: Dr. Natalia A. Tsvetkova, professor, St Petersburg University.

P8.12. Latin America in International Relations in the 21st Century

In a highly dynamic contemporary international order, developing countries and their regions are beginning to play a special role in maintaining and developing the basic principles of international relations. Latin America is a region under significant pressure from the systemic leaders of international relations, both the US and the PRC. At the same time, Latin America relies on the region’s traditional patterns of confrontation, balancing and compromise with the world’s leading economies. An important resource for Latin America’s participation in the contemporary global agenda remains the region’s cooperation with the outside world, especially with the regions of developing countries and international multilateral structures.

The section will discuss the role of Latin American countries in regional and trans-regional associations, as well as their joint participation with Russia in a number of multilateral institutions. Special attention will be paid to the importance of the Latin American region for sustainable development and for fostering the Global South. The section will discuss China-Latin America relations and public diplomacy issues in the region.

Chair: Bulanakova Maria Aleksandrovna, Ph.D. in History, Head of the Department of International Relations of the NWRIU RANEPA.

P8.14. Economic and geopolitical trends for the formation of a world order

The economic crisis of 2008 manifested the exhaustion of the capitalist accumulation process of the post cold war Fifteen years after that event, in the international system we are going through severe health and geopolitical crises that have once again highlighted the need to transformation of the international system. In this context, the confrontation between two models that seek to lay the foundations for a new world order. The first model is defined as a world based on the rules of the Western powers and the agreements that arise within the framework of the G7, the European Union and NATO, which masks the rise of conservatism and the growth of reactionary positions throughout the world. The second model bets for the construction of a multipolar system based on the principles of the United Nations, sovereign equality, self-determination of peoples, construction of poles of economic-political integration and civilizational platforms. This panel will analyze the economic and geopolitical trends for the formation of a world order.

Chair: Mtro. Mauricio Alonso Estevez Daniel, Anahuac Veracruz University – College of Veracruz

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